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Girouard v. United States
''Girouard v. United States'', , was a case decided by the Supreme Court of the United States. It concerned a pacifist applicant for naturalization who in the interview declared not to be willing to fight for the defense of the United States. The case questioned a precedent set by ''United States v. Schwimmer'' in 1929 that denied an applicant entry to the United States because of her pacifist stance. ''Girouard v. United States'' overturned that precedent by voting in favor of Girouard's religious freedom through allowing him to uphold his Seventh-day Adventist beliefs.〔(GIROUARD V. UNITED STATES, 328 U. S. 61 :: Volume 328 :: 1946 :: Full Text :: US Supreme Court Cases from Justia & Oyez ). Supreme.justia.com. Retrieved on 2011-03-23.〕〔(United States v. Girouard – Religious Freedom Page ). Religiousfreedom.lib.virginia.edu. Retrieved on 2011-03-23.〕〔''(Girouard v. United States )'', 328 U.S. 61 (1946).〕
==Background==
James Girouard was a Canadian citizen who applied to become an American citizen. When asked if he would fight for the U.S., he responded "No, I am a Seventh-day Adventist." Girouard stated that he believed in the democratic ideal, but asserted that he was an uncompromising pacifist. The response was similar to Rosika Schwimmer's (''United States v. Schwimmer'') who said, "My cosmic consciousness of belonging to the human family is shared by all those who believe that all human beings are the children of God."
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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